Running a Z-machine on an AVR
Can you make a Z-machine console - a virtual machine for text adventure games - complete with screen and keyboard on an AVR?
No. Well, probably not on a ATmega328P.
I got the code for ZIP, and stripped out all of the code for reading files and displaying stuff on the screen. This let me compile it with avr-gcc.
I looked at the result of objdump:
$ avr-objdump -h zip_linux
zip_linux: file format elf32-avr
Sections:
Idx Name Size VMA LMA File off Algn
0 .data 000001e4 00800100 0000579c 00005830 2**0
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
1 .text 0000579c 00000000 00000000 00000094 2**1
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
2 .bss 00000ac8 008002e4 008002e4 00005a14 2**0
ALLOC
3 .stab 0000dcec 00000000 00000000 00005a14 2**2
CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING
4 .stabstr 00003aad 00000000 00000000 00013700 2**0
CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING
5 .comment 00000022 00000000 00000000 000171ad 2**0
CONTENTS, READONLY
The good news is that the code (the .text section) fits into 22k. That leaves 10k for the screen rendering code (probably from TellyMate), the keyboard and the SD card code.
The .data section is quite small too, which means there aren't many strings in the interpreter itself.
The problem is the .bss section, which gets copied to RAM on startup. It's 2760 bytes, much more than the 2048 which this chip has.
Let's look at this further:
$ avr-objdump -t zip_linux | grep bss | sort -t $'\t' -k 2
...
0080030c g O .bss 00000004 pc
00800da6 g O .bss 00000006 __iob
00000114 g .text 00000010 __do_clear_bss
00800552 g O .bss 0000004e lookup_table
00800436 l O .bss 00000100 record_name
00800332 l O .bss 00000100 save_name
008005a0 g O .bss 00000800 stack
There's a 2048 byte stack, which fills the entire memory! The Infocom games might only need a 1k stack, which will help.
Tellymate has a 38x25 screen, which needs 950 bytes. This could be brought down to 10 lines, but games might be tricky to play. The ZX80 didn't store a full line if it didn't fill the width of the screen, but adventure games tend to be wordy so this won't help much.
An SD card library needs about 600 bytes of RAM, which blows the budget. We'd have to go without a filesystem on the SD card, because it takes up too much flash space. It sounds like the 512 byte buffer might be optional.
4k of RAM should be plenty. But with ARM chips being much cheaper than the larger AVRs, that might be the way to go - if I can sort out the jittering image problems.
You might be able to squeeze the interpreter only onto the chip, and communicate with it via its serial port, or another AVR running TellyMate.
Update: It turns out I wasn't the only one to look at this - Rossum implemented it on the 2560-byte ATmega32U4, but needed to store a 1MB swap file on the SD card! I don't know why you need that much - maybe you don't - but I forgot to include dynamic memory and room for the stack.